Windrose E700 — full technical specification
WH13-A is the EU-homologated variant of Windrose's 6×4 battery-electric N3 semi tractor, commercial name E700. This reference compiles every verifiable technical parameter found across the EU whole-vehicle type-approval dossier and the underlying WH11-platform engineering archive (WH13 shares the WH11 platform at roughly 71% part commonality).
Sourced from 21 Drive folders and 27 specific files (71 inline citations throughout) — plus the live employee roster, used for section-ownership attribution only.
Vehicle & type-approval identity
Manufacturer, homologation chain, and the type/variant/version (TVV) and VIN coding that every other document in the dossier refers back to.
Section owner — 朱小龙, Certification & Standardization SpecialistComprehensive Mgmt.
1aIdentity
- Make
- Windrose
- Commercial name
- E700
- Type
- WH13-A (WH13-A-1 = 3-motor; WH13-A-2 = 4-motor, for noise homologation)
- Category
- N3
- Manufacturer
- Anhui Windrose Holdings Co., Ltd. — Floor 4, Building B1, Zhongguancun Collaborative Innovation Zhihui Park, Baohe District, Hefei, Anhui, PRC
- EU representative
- Windrose Technology Antwerp — Houtdok-Noordkaai 16, 2030 Antwerpen, Belgium
- Assembly plant
- CHTC Kinwin (Nanjing) Automobile Co., Ltd. — Nanjing, Jiangsu, PRC
- Statutory plate
- On bodywork — door frame of C-pillar
- VIN location
- Stamped, front end of right longitudinal frame beam
- Homologation engineer
- Hongxia Gan
1bCertificates on file
- CSMS (R155)
- CYPRUS*CERT*1032*01
- SUMS (R156)
- CYPRUS*CERT*1021*01
- Mounting plate (R55)
- E32*55R02/02*0248*00
- Fifth wheel (R55)
- E1*55R01/10*0116*04
- Windscreen (R43)
- E4*43R01/10*1716*06
- EBS/ABS unit (R10)
- E1*10R06/03*6456*20
- REESS / electrical safety (R100)
- E25*100R03/05*40001*00 (vehicle) — REESS: E24*100R03/02*0309*00 (), see §04
The EU-homologated battery chemistry is LFPL
1cType / Variant / Version (TVV) coding
Windrose EU UNECE VTA Certifi…| Field | Position | Code | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Variant | digit 1 — bodywork | K | Single-row cab |
| digit 1 | LHDR | 1.5-row cab (LHD) | |
| digit 1 | LHDP | 2-row cab (LHD) | |
| digit 1 | RHDT / RHDW | 1.5-row / 2-row cab (RHD) | |
| digit 2 — powertrain | EV / FC | Battery-electric / Fuel-cell electric | |
| digit 3 — powered axles | 1 / 2 / 3 | Single / two- / three-axle drive | |
| digit 4 — steered axles | 1 / 2 | Single / two-axle steering | |
| Approved variants | PEV21, WEV21 | — | |
| Version | digit 1 — max laden mass | A | 27,000 kg |
| digit 2 — max combination mass | A / B | 49,000 kg / 76,000 kg | |
| digit 3 — drive motor peak power | D / F | 780 kW (3-motor) / 1,040 kW (4-motor) | |
| digit 4 — battery chemistry | L | LFP | |
| Approved versions | AADL, AAFL, ABDL, ABFL | — | |
1dVIN structure (WMI LH5)
Windrose EU UNECE VTA Certifi…
| Position | Field | Codes | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1–3 | WMI | LH5 | ||||
| 4 | Body type | B | H | E | S | U/Z/R |
| 5 | Vehicle type | 1 | 5 | Y | ||
| 6 | Gross mass (T) | F | M | N | K | V |
| 7 | Brake/suspension | G/R | J/N | |||
| 8 | Motor rated power Pe | A | B | C | D | |
| 9 | Check digit | per ISO 3779:2009 | ||||
| 10 | Model year | S | A | |||
| 11 | Plant | N | ||||
| 12–17 | Sequence no. | annual, from 000001 |
Dimensions & masses
Authoritative values per EU 2021/535 Annex XIII (masses & dimensions) — the same figures are repeated verbatim across every other regulation-specific document in the dossier.
Section owner — 石龙, Vehicle Integration & Testing Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
- Length
- 8,100 mm
- Width
- 2,544 mm
- Height (running order)
- 3,920 / 3,950 mm (315/70R22.5 / 385/65R22.5)
- Wheelbase
- 4,650 + 1,350 mm
- Fifth-wheel lead
- 675–1,175 mm
- Cab
- 3,343 × 2,540 × 3,470 mm, sleeper
- Track, steered axle
- 2,056 / 2,128 mm
- Track, other axles
- 1,873 mm
- Front overhang
- 1,200 mm approach 18°
- Rear overhang
- 900 mm departure 26°
- Ground clearance
- 250–280 / 220–240 mm front / rear, tyre-option dependent
- Axles / wheels
- 3 axles, 10 wheels — 1 steered, 2 driven (non-interconnected)
- Max laden mass
- 27,000 kg (all variants)
- Axle group (2+3), permissible
- 21,000 kg
- Max vehicle speed
- 120 km/h (90 km/h alt. limiter setting)
- Aero devices
- Roof fairing + gap-reducing tractor fairing
2aMass matrix by approved version
Windrose EU UNECE VTA Certifi…| Version | Chemistry | Axle 1 (kg) | Axle 2 (kg) | Axle 3 (kg) | Laden max (kg) | Axle max, declared | Axle max, permissible |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AADL / ABDL | LFP | 12,075 | 5,625 | 3,300 | 27,000 | 7,000/10,000/10,000 | 7,000/10,500/10,500 |
| AAFL / ABFL | LFP | 12,225 | 5,625 | 3,300 | 27,000 | 7,000/10,000/10,000 | 7,000/10,500/10,500 |
LFP
2bCombination (towing) mass
Windrose EU UNECE VTA Certifi…| Version | Max towable (kg) | Max combination laden (kg) | Max coupling-point (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|
| AADL | 36,850 | 49,000 | 14,850 |
| AAFL | 36,700 | 49,000 | 14,700 |
| ABDL | 63,850 | 76,000 | 14,850 |
| ABFL | 63,700 | 76,000 | 14,700 |
Electric drive
Twin drive-axle (6×4) architecture; 3- or 4-motor configuration selectable at order time via version code digit 3.
Section owner — 李永圣, Electrification Sr. DirectorElectrification
- Motor type
- Permanent-magnet synchronous, stator winding + PM excitation
- Motor make / type
- Jiangsu Maxwell Industries — TZ230XSSW001
- Per-motor peak / continuous
- 260 kW / 170 kW, 4,514–11,000 rpm
- 3-motor total (peak / 30-min)
- 780 kW / 510 kW
- 4-motor total (peak / 30-min)
- 1,040 kW / 680 kW
- Peak torque, 3- / 4-motor
- 1,650 N·m / 2,200 N·m
- Operating voltage
- 450–950 V DC
- Gearbox
- 3-speed AMT, integrated e-axle (type HDE10T)
- Gear ratios (1 / 2 / 3 / R)
- 63.85 / 16.57 / 14.58 / 63.85 final drive = 1; reverse via motor reversal, no dedicated gear
- Max vehicle speed
- 120 km/h electronically limited
- Drive axles (2nd/3rd)
- Shaanxi Hande Axle Co. — integrated e-axle (motor+MCU+reducer+load-bearing axle)
- Front (steered) axle
- Anqing Huitong Automotive Components
- Regenerative braking control unit
- Jiangsu Maxwell — KTZ80X43SSW001 / 002, acts on axles 2 & 3
- Max regen torque (4-motor)
- 86,000 N·m
VCU (Vehicle Control Unit): joint development — Hebei/Tianjin/Suzhou Youkong (ECO-EV Technologies) supplies hardware + base software, Windrose owns the application-layer control strategy. Part no. 2108100X9D01 (WH11 variant), internal type code V1.1/WD-VDC-M9-V001 — also implements the speed limiter via a 2D accelerator-pedal × vehicle-speed lookup table, software versions signed and read via UDS service 0x22. Naming note: Windrose engineers commonly nickname this unit "VDC" internally (hence the type-code prefix) — do not confuse with the industry term "Vehicle Dynamics Control", ZF's ESC function inside the EBS (§06 Braking system) — a completely separate ECU.
Battery / REESS
EU type-approval chemistry: (public-facing configuration).
Section owner — 杨维刚, Battery Systems Sr. ManagerElectrification
4aLFP pack homologated · public
- Cell supplier / code
- CALB — EV-CALB-766230
- Cell dimensions
- 173.93 × 53.72 × 204.63 mm
- Cell capacity
- 230 Ah
- Configuration
- 238 cells, 1P238S
- Pack dimensions
- 2,750 × 1,080 × 270 mm
- Nominal / working voltage
- 766.36 V / 595–868.7 V
- Total capacity
- 920 Ah (230 Ah × 4 modules)
- Charge/discharge, continuous
- 230 A
- Charge/discharge, peak (30s)
- 460 A
- Thermal management
- Liquid cooling / liquid heating, 4 boxes (2L/2R)
- Cooling / heating trigger
- ≥30°C max cell / ≤5°C min cell
- BMS
- SinoEV (Hefei) — LBC_EV_WD_TL_MASTER_V0.1, 24V/5A
- BMU / CMU dims
- 325×111×18mm (200g) / 385.5×109×18mm (190g)
- Housing
- Cover: PCM · Box: ZL102
4bCharging & protection
- Charging socket
- Amphenol PCD SZ — HVCOCF0234N
- DC interface
- CP / PP / PE / DC+ / DC-
- Nominal charge voltage / current
- 766.4 V / 200 A (per R10 Annex M)
- Main HV fuse
- EV fuse FDJ-400, 1000V/400A
- Power wiring
- Shielded cable, 70 mm² cross-section, 1500V DC rated
- Protection
- Insulation monitoring, HV interlock, leakage/overcurrent protection, isolation & grounding
- DC/DC converter
- Synland — SEC-D8024V60P0-WD
- PDU (multi-in-one)
- Jiangsu Maxwell — SHD-60805706D00-WD06/06A/08/08A
Power electronics & thermal auxiliary
Section owner — 苏一钉, Electric Control Systems Sr. ManagerElectrification
整车集成部| Component | Make | Type/Part No. |
|---|---|---|
| Motor controller (MCU) | Jiangsu Maxwell | KTZ80X43SSW001 / 002 (SiC) |
| Power distribution unit | Jiangsu Maxwell | SHD-60805706D00-WD06/06A/08/08A |
| DC/DC converter | Contemporary Synland Technology | SEC-D8024V60P0-WD |
| Vehicle energy mgmt system | SinoEV (Hefei) Powertrain Tech | V01/V-1.0 |
| AC compressor (scroll) | Hangzhou Lingdong Automotive Thermal Mgmt | H610515-01 / EBJ33C-MD01 |
| APTC (electric cabin heater) | Wuhu Huicheng Electric Technology | H610091-01 / H611248-01 / H611249-01 |
| WPTC (battery-loop water heater) | Xiaogan Huagong Galilei Electronics | H612070-01 / H612069-01 |
| Warm-air blower motors (L/mid/R) | Suzhou Ruidong Electrical Technology | H611501 / H611501 / H612487 |
| A/C controller | Zhejiang HaoBo Technology | H620636-01 |
| Electronic water pump | Changzhou Leili Motor Technology | 1307110X9D01 |
| Thermal management unit (chiller) | — | 2127110X9D01 / 2127210X9D01 |
Max HVAC electrical consumption 8 kW (R122); chiller PTC heating capacity target >15 kW (DFMEA doc WR-T0101-003). Full failure-mode detail for every one of these components is in §18 (DFMEA findings).
Braking system
Section owner — 赵刚, Chassis Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
- Service brake
- Foot pedal, 2 pneumatic circuits, front/rear split, disc all axles
- ABS/EBS unit
- ZF — type EBS3, category 1, ESC standard
- Parking brake
- Spring-loaded pressure accumulator, pneumatic release, acts mid+rear axle
- Endurance brake
- Electric regenerative (see §03)
- Trailer interface
- ISO 11992-1/-2:2003, ISO 7638-2:1997 7-pin
- Compressor cut-out / cut-in
- 1,250 kPa / 1,000 kPa
- Reservoir initial pressure
- 1,200 kPa
- 4-circuit protection valve, static close
- 500 kPa
- Reservoir volumes (service/park)
- 40+40+25 L / 25 L
- Calipers
- Knorr-Bremse 22.5" (SC7/SN7), all positions
- Discs
- Front: Anqing Huitong · Mid/rear: Shaanxi Hande, 22.5"
| Subsystem | Supplier |
|---|---|
| EBS ECU / wheel-speed sensor / SAS / ABS valve / axle modulator / brake signal transmitter / YAS / trailer control valve | ZF (WABCO) |
| Brake chambers / air compressor / APU / trailer connections | SORL |
| EPB switch | Guangzhou Jiaxin |
| EPB actuator | Kormee |
Windrose engineers commonly nickname the VCU "VDC" internally (see §17 for the VCU's actual supplier/type) — unrelated to the ESC/stability-control function above, which lives inside this ZF EBS unit. Historically WH11/WH12 ran a "科密" (Kemi) EBS system in place of ZF; as of 2026-07-28 all four platforms (WH11–14) are standardizing on ZF.
Steering
Section owner — 赵刚, Chassis Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
- Type
- Electro-hydraulic power steering (EHPS), circulating-ball
- Make / type
- Shashi Jiulong Power Steering — D218X
- Max steering angle
- 780° each direction
- Steering wheel
- 380 mm dia. — Taihang Changqing Automobile Safety System (Suzhou), type 3402010X9D05
- Adjustment
- Tilt ±5°, telescopic ±25 mm
- Hydraulic supply
- Ruili Group Ruian Auto Parts — 2149 12176 001
Reliability weak points (DFMEA): hydraulic-fitting nut leakage (highest RPN 80 in the classic-methodology steering DFMEA, cause: under-torqued lock nut) and steering-column spline wear (AP 128, cause: hardware/software calibration mismatch across temperature). See §18.
Axles & suspension
Section owner — 赵刚, Chassis Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
- Front axle
- Independent (double-wishbone) air suspension — Anqing Huitong Automotive Components
- Rear axles (2/3)
- Non-independent, full air spring — integrated e-axle, Shaanxi Hande
- Level control
- ECAS — Guangzhou Ruili Kormee Automotive Electronic, type 2950100X9D02
- Air-spring dia. (front/rear)
- ≤Ø320mm / ≤Ø270–290mm
- Natural frequency (front/rear)
- 1.08 Hz / 1.13 Hz
- Damping coefficient (front/rear)
- 0.12 / 0.14
- Frame
- Part 2800100X9D01/06 — FMEA WR-T0102-011
- Front wheel-end
- Part 2300100X9D01 — highest-severity chassis findings: hub-unit fracture & wheel-bolt fracture (both S=9, Class A)
- X-type control arm
- Part 2911500X9D01
- Lower thrust rod
- Part 2911800X9D01
- Trailing/equalizer beam
- Parts 2911301X9D01 / 2911401X9D01
- Front shock absorber
- Part 2905100X9D01
Full chassis DFMEA (frame, steering column, EHPS pump, control arm, thrust rod, U-bolt, equalizer beam, front subframe, shock absorber, wheel-end — every failure mode/cause/control row) is in §18.
Tyres, wheels & TPMS
Section owner — 赵刚, Chassis Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
Windrose EU UNECE VTA Certifi…| Option | Axle | Size | Load idx | Rim | Pressure | RRC | Offset | Make |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Axle 1 | 315/70R22.5 | 156/150 | 22.5×9.00 | 900 kPa | 3.95 N/kN | 175mm | Michelin |
| 1 | Axle 2/3 | 315/70R22.5 | 154/150 | 22.5×9.00 | 900 kPa | 3.96 N/kN | 175mm | Michelin |
| 2 | Axle 1 | 385/65R22.5 | 158 | 22.5×11.75 | 900 kPa | 4.31 N/kN | 146mm | Michelin |
| 2 | Axle 2/3 | 295/80R22.5 | 154/150 | 22.5×9.00 | 850 kPa | 5.31 N/kN | 175mm | Michelin |
- Tyre certs (Class C3)
- 315/70: E2*54R00/25*17823*01 · 385/65: E2*54R00/23*19646*00 · 295/80: E2*54R00/25*20607*04
- TPMS
- ShenZhen Autotech Electronics — TC10-TC11-RP03-E74; front sensor×2, rear×8, relay×1, CAN module×1
- TPMS activation pressure
- 9 bar
- TPMS RF
- 433.92 MHz, ASK modulation
Coupling & towing
Section owner — 赵刚, Chassis Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
- Fifth wheel
- Non-standard class G50-X, type JSK 37 C (D=152kN, U=20t) — Xi'an Deshi Automobile Parts
- Mounting plate
- Class J, type DSFWP2040 (D=280kN, U=40t) — variants DSFWP2040A/B
- Mounting-plate test (TÜV Rheinland)
- Dynamic ±170–485kN cyclic ×2×10⁶ @2.5Hz; static lift 401–635kN — no cracking/deformation
- Front towing hook
- Threaded connection, type 3900022X9D01 — Xintai Dingjie Machinery
- Bolt torques
- M16×1.5: 199–243 N·m (×12) · M20×1.5: 540–596 N·m (×12)
Body & cab structure
Section owner — 陈秀国, Body DirectorVehicle Engineering
- Bodywork type
- BC · forward control, sleeper cab
- Door
- 1× sliding, right side, 935×2,310×285mm opening, 180°
- Seats
- Driver 47.5kg (Xuzhou Tiancheng, type 68001X91) · Passenger 13.2kg (type 70001X91)
- Seat adjustment
- Electric, +180mm fwd / −60mm back; torso angle 15°/25°
- R-points (LHD)
- Driver (505.5, −20, 602)mm · Passenger (1760, 717.5, 565)mm
- Windscreen
- Laminated glass, 36.2° inclination, integrated ADAS camera + rain/light sensor
- Side/rear windows
- Toughened glass
- Roof glazing
- Laminated
- Power windows
- Brose — E3V22G6220R/L, one-touch, no anti-pinch
- Aero
- Roof fairing + gap-reducing tractor fairing
11aCab structure — material & thickness (per R29 occupant-protection annex)
Windrose EU UNECE VTA Certifi…| Part | Material | Thickness (mm) |
|---|---|---|
| Front structure | B210P1, HC340/590DP | 1.0 / 1.5 |
| A-pillar | HC340/590DP, HC420/780DP | 1.2 / 1.5 |
| A-pillar (rear) | HC340/590DP, B210P1 | 1.2 |
| B-pillar | B210P1 | 0.8 / 1.0 |
| C-pillar | HC340/590DP | 0.8 |
| Sliding door structure (right) | B210P1, HC340/590DP | 1.0 / 1.2 |
| Sliding door skin | DC06, HC340/590DP | 0.7 / 1.5 |
| Top cover assembly | SMC | 3.5 |
Thermal management & HVAC
HVAC/thermal is the single most component-dense DFMEA source recovered (10 documents, ~300 failure-mode rows). Highlights below; full row-level data in §18.
Section owner — 石龙, Vehicle Integration & Testing Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
- HVAC assembly
- Parts 8104100/200/300X9D01 — intake/blower/cooling/heating/outlet modules
- HVAC housing material
- PPTD20, wall 1.8mm, mounting-point 2.5mm
- Door rotation torque spec
- <8 N·cm (doors), <5 N·cm (swing arms)
- Radiator (front-end module)
- Part 1301110X9D01
- Condenser
- packaged w/ front-end module
- AC compressor
- Scroll type, part 8103100X9D01
- Refrigerants
- R134a / R1234yf
- Chiller unit design margin
- Heat dissipation +5–10% aging allowance
- Chiller sealing rating
- IP67 (dust) / IPX7 (water) on sensors, harness, pump, heater, condenser fan
- Chiller leak spec
- ≥50 mL/min triggers failure
- Refrigerant piping supplier
- Hubei Mebtech Automotive Refrigeration Systems
- Connector diameter codes
- NW26, NW12, JG8, JG25, JG26, T25
Highest-consequence findings across the whole DFMEA corpus live here: compressor electrical-leakage/insulation failure is the only Severity-10 item found anywhere (RPN 80 — triggers a vehicle insulation-fault alarm, vehicle inoperable); radiator cooling-tube structure carries the single highest raw RPN (120, twice) of any component reviewed; the electronic water pump's shaft/bearing wear mode reaches RPN 126.
Mirrors / camera-monitor system
No physical mirrors — full Camera-Monitor System (CMS) per UN R46, replacing Class II/IV/V/VI mirror fields.
Section owner — 张琳, Electrical/Electronic Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
R46| Class | Function | Make | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| II | Main indirect vision | INSIGHTEK | 8202001X9D13-II |
| IV | Wide indirect vision | INSIGHTEK | 8202001X9D13-IV |
| V | Close-proximity front | Yaxon | 7912001X9D13-V |
| VI | Front | Yaxon | 7912001X9D13-VI |
- Monitor
- BiTECH Automotive (Wuhu) — 7912112X9D13
- Activation
- Door unlock/open or ignition-on
- Standard
- ISO 16505:2015 geometry (viewing angle, monitor size, FOV mapping — full table in dossier)
Lighting & signalling
Section owner — 张琳, Electrical/Electronic Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
- Electrical system
- 24V, negative ground
- Passing/driving beam
- Henan Yishan Lamp Manufacture — 4121110X9D01 (LHD) / 4121120X9D01 (RHD)
- Fog / DRL / marker / indicator
- Yishan, HDLT, Jiangsu Haidelaite, Jiangsu Linhui (full supplier/part table in dossier)
- Auto-levelling
- 5-step manual, stepper motor; setting 1 = unladen, setting 2 = max laden
- Auto dipped-beam
- On <1,500 lux (0.5s), off >2,500 lux (6s)
- Emergency Stop Signal
- Hazard flash 5Hz, triggered by front camera on hard braking (>50km/h, decel<−4m/s² for 200ms, or ABS active)
- Horn
- Electric (SEGER/KORSA/FER/HERTH-BUSS), 24V DC; air horn 9kg/cm²; parts 3721100/300/200X9D01
- AVAS
- Xiamen Dinglite Electronic — 3819100X9D13, 105×115×80mm
Headlamp assembly DFMEA (supplier-authored) covers photometric distribution, vibration/rattle, focus adjustment, water ingress, fogging, and heat resistance — see §18. 前照灯DFMEA
ADAS / active safety
WH13-confirmed systems from the homologation dossier, cross-referenced against component-level DFMEA. Several newer EU GSR-II systems were found filed under WH14, not WH13 — flagged explicitly, not assumed shared.
Section owner — 刘超, Intelligent-Driving Deputy DirectorIntelligent Systems
15aConfirmed on WH13 homologated
| System | Regulation | Key hardware | Trigger logic |
|---|---|---|---|
| AEBS | R131 R131 | CAMF (ShenZhen Mobile Drive, ASC-A012) + MRR radar (CUBTEK, B122-035); 77GHz, 5W max | FCW stage 1: 1.4s pre-AEB · stage 2: 0.8s pre-AEB · AEB at TTC≤3s, >15km/h |
| Lane Departure Warning | R130 R130 | shared with AEBS camera | Validated against EU 351/2012 lane-line standard |
| Blind Spot Info (cyclist) | R151 R151 | Domain ESS-B1 (Streamax), camera CL53 L/R | Min activation distance 15m, ambient ≥15 lux |
| Reversing camera | R158 R158 | Camera CA60 (Streamax/Yaxon) | Auto-activates on reverse gear, <2s |
| Steering-effort/ADAS | R79 R79 | EHPS (Shashi Jiulong) | No ACSF/CSF/ESF/RCM/RMF category active — camera lane-assist is advisory only |
WH14-only in the documents reviewed — found in the "Stage III" folder but confirmed by the documents' own headers to be filed under vehicle type WH14, not WH13: MOIS (moving-off info system, R159), ADDW driver-distraction warning (EU 2023/2590), ISA Intelligent Speed Assistance (EU 2021/1958), DDAW driver-drowsiness (EU 2021/1341), and alcohol-interlock provision (EU 2021/1243). Given ~71% platform commonality the underlying hardware is likely shared, but no WH13-titled document was found confirming these five — treat as unconfirmed for WH13 until a WH13-specific filing turns up.
15bComponent-level engineering detail (Intelligent Driving DFMEA)
Front-view camera (3602111X9D01) — power supply & housing AP up to 120 WR-T0109-001-前视智能摄像头
Reverse-polarity input can damage the conversion chip (AP 120) — mitigation: series diode + 600V-rated protection device. Load-dump on 36V input withstand<50V also reaches AP 120 — mitigation: raise input withstand to ≥60V + TVS. Static current spec: ≤1mA at 24V±0.5V/25°C — four separate causes (MCU sleep-mode draw, incorrect sleep-pin state, PMIC standby draw, TVS/capacitor leakage) each rated AP 36–54. Housing/lens fit tolerances drive assembly-defect risk at AP 60.
mmWave radar (3602300/320/321X9D01, front/L/R) — full radar chain WR-T0109-002-毫米波雷达
Shares the camera's power-supply failure modes (identical AP 120 reverse-polarity / load-dump risk; TVS part ASC33CA specified as the fix). Radar-specific chain modelled stage-by-stage — transmitter, modulator, amplifier, receiver, target-detection/-tracking units, frequency synthesizer, antenna system — each rated Severity 7/Class C, AP 21–84 depending on stage; highest is the transmit-system signal-loss mode at AP 84.
Ultrasonic radar (3602560/561X9D01) — 11 named components AP up to 168 pre-mitigation WR-T0109-003-超声波雷达
Richest single DFMEA in the corpus, with before/after mitigation values recorded. Highlights: shock-pad-related "echo-fork" false alarm dropped from AP168→84 (added reference-voltage tuning); PCB self-oscillation false-alarm dropped from AP144→18 (op-amp trace spacing rule: >3mm); ground-sweep false-detect dropped from AP140→56 (bracket angle fixed at 10°); low-temperature buffer-sleeve hardening dropped from AP120→48 (switched to 40-durometer black silicone); raw-material echo-value out-of-spec drives two separate probe-fault modes at AP160/140 pre-mitigation. Sensor lead pull-strength specs: ≥2N (paint adhesion) / ≥8kg (lead-to-terminal).
Radome (3602306/344/345X9D01) — RF-transparency design requirements WR-T0109-004-雷达罩
Curvature radius >400mm; radar install angle >10° from vertical; radome-to-radar clearance ≥5mm; material must be verified at 77GHz for dielectric constant/loss (same swatch-measurement method for all three requirement rows). Flame-retardancy and banned-substance rows both rated Severity 9/Class A.
VCU (2108100X9D01) — hardware DFMEA RPN ceiling 84 (connector pin over-current) 2108100X9D01整车控制器总成 DFMEA
ESD (dual-redundant capacitor mitigation, RPN63), EMC (RRN up to 54), connector pin over-current (RPN84, action: current-rating re-evaluation + connector reselection), IP6K7 sealing requirement, RoHS/IMDS compliance gate, PCBA-to-housing fit tolerances across 20 named failure categories (sealing, thermal, assembly, labeling).
VCU (2108100X9D01) — software DFMEA RPN up to 243 2108100X9D01整车控制器总成 DFMEA 软件
The highest-RPN findings in the entire engineering corpus live here: no-torque-output (RPN243), no active-discharge capability (RPN240), communication delay (RPN240), no over-voltage protection strategy (RPN200), torque-out-of-range / torque miscalculation (RPN216 each, four separate modes), thermal runaway pathway via overheating or HV short (RPN180 each). All Severity 8–10 — these are the software-layer risks behind the powertrain's functional safety case, distinct from the hardware DFMEA above.
Passive safety
Section owner — 陈秀国, Body DirectorVehicle Engineering
- Seat belts
- 3-point; buckle/retractor assemblies DY79/0014 (front), DY02/DH.WG.A021/SK.LB.DY (rear) R16
- Belt reminder
- Buzzer at 10km/h if unbuckled; no pretensioners/airbags/ISOFIX fitted
- Seat-belt anchorages
- Compliant per UN R14.09 R14
- Front underrun protection
- Steel assembly, material 6110A-T6, mounting QT600 R93
- Safety glazing
- Laminated windscreen + toughened side/rear windows, individually type-approved R43
- Cab occupant protection
- Structural material/thickness table — see §11
Electronics, EMC & cybersecurity
Section owner — 张琳, Electrical/Electronic Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
- EMC (R10)
- Full RF-transmitter table on file — wireless charging 127kHz, NFC 13.56MHz, FM 88–108MHz, DAB 170–240MHz, GPS 1164–1300/1559–1610MHz, mmWave radar 77GHz, TPMS 433.92MHz ASK
- Immobilizer (R18)
- NFC card key + one-click start; AES-128 rolling verification (5,000-transform check); ESCL — Yaxon, type 3774103X9D01
- Speed limitation (R89)
- VDC unit, 2D pedal/speed lookup, UDS-signed software
- Tell-tale identification (R121)
- 187-item table on file
- CSMS (R155)
- Cert CYPRUS*CERT*1032*01 — Gateway/Body/Cockpit/Driving/Powertrain/Chassis domain architecture; no OTA, no V2X, no GNSS, no backend connectivity; HSM for key storage; internal threat register WH13-CSR01–45
- SUMS (R156)
- Cert CYPRUS*CERT*1021*01 — software updates confirmed not applicable (no OTA capability, §9.4.1/9.4.2)
Named security controls in the CSMS filing (categories only — no specific algorithm/key-length disclosed beyond what's stated): authenticity/integrity verification, CAN/Ethernet comms security, OBD & diagnostic security, network isolation, debug-interface concealment, Bluetooth/USB/Wi-Fi/NFC key security, secure boot, HSM-based key storage, firmware protection, security logging. Example threat cited verbatim in the filing: "using a magnet to tamper with the Hall-effect sensor connected to the gearbox" (threat 32.1) — mitigated via CAN/Ethernet security + secure boot + network isolation.
Design-failure-mode findings, by department
WH11-platform DFMEA documents (shared with WH13 at the component level) mined department-by-department. Full row-level detail (function → failure mode → effect → severity/occurrence/detection → recommended action) exists for every component below; this section surfaces the components covered and their highest-consequence findings rather than reprinting every row — ask for any specific component's full FMEA table and it can be pulled in full.
Cross-departmental — authored by each engineering department’s own team (赵刚 Chassis · 陈秀国 Body · 张琳 EE · 李永圣 Electrification · 石龙 Vehicle Integration · 刘超 Intelligent Systems); process framework owned by Quality (质量), reporting to 邹琳 (Chief Engineer)
18aCoverage by department
WH11-DFMEA编码-取号表| Department | Files mined | Components covered | Highest finding |
|---|---|---|---|
| 整车集成部 — Vehicle Integration | 10 | HVAC (5 sub-modules), electronic water pump, chiller unit, AC compressor, radiator, condenser, metal fittings, nylon/aluminium tubing, brackets, AC refrigerant piping | Radiator cooling-tube structure — RPN 120 (×2) |
| 底盘部 — Chassis | 9 | Frame, steering system + column + EHPS pump, X-control-arm, thrust rod, U-bolt, equalizer beam, front subframe + shock absorber + wheel-end | Hydraulic fitting leak — RPN 80; wheel-hub/bolt fracture S=9 |
| 智能驾驶控制部 — Intelligent Driving | 6 | Front camera, mmWave radar ×3, ultrasonic radar ×2, radome ×3, VCU (HW+SW) | VCU software: no-torque-output — RPN 243 |
| 车身部 — Body | 8 (13 component sheets) | Driver/rear seats, door handle & lock core, window regulator, physical mirror, rear seatbelt, front underrun protection, all vehicle glass (6 sheets), sunroof shade | Seat structural connection — S=9/AP81 |
| 电驱电控部 — E-Drive | 4 | Battery system (2 doc revisions), e-drive system, high-voltage cabling | Voltage-differential control (ΔV) — AP42 |
| 电子电器部 — EE | 7 (+2 unparsed) | BDCU domain controller, low-voltage wiring harness, auxiliary 12V battery, headlamp assembly, smart cockpit system, e-mirror system, 5G-T gateway | Wiring-harness flame-retardancy — Severity 9/Class A ("vehicle fire, casualties") |
18bEE department — key findings
BDCU (Body Domain Control Unit) AP up to 72 3600100X9D01 BDCU域控制器DFMEA
Power-supply fault tree is nearly identical to the front camera/mmWave-radar chain in §15 (reverse-polarity, load-dump, thermal-derate modes) — same TVS part, ASC33CA, specified as the mitigation. CAN-bus modes add: waveform overshoot (AP54, mitigation: load resistor), EMI susceptibility (AP54, <100pF filter cap + common-mode choke), wide-temperature CAN transceiver rating −40°C to +125°C (AP54), ESD damage to transceiver (AP42), bus short burning the termination resistor (AP42). Housing: snap-fit clip clearance tuning (AP≤64), V0 flame-retardancy requirement on housing material.
Low-voltage wiring harness (WH11 system-wide) Severity 9 — flame retardancy WH11低压线束DFMEA
Highest-severity row in the EE department: harness must meet GB 8410 flame-retardancy — failure mode is explicitly "vehicle catches fire → casualties" (S9, Class A, AP54). Everything else in this file is connector retention/AB-end-matching across every ECU interface (starter, VDC, chassis/floor harness), IP67 sealing requirement on all control-system connectors, wire-gauge sizing to internal spec Q/WR P1-4 (voltage-drop control), twisted/shielded pair requirement on CAN and other noise-sensitive signals, and dedicated grounding for powertrain-domain ECUs — AP values cluster 28–72 across ~30 rows.
Auxiliary (12V) battery Severity 8 — case rupture/acid leak WH11辅助蓄电池DFMEA
Case-integrity failure ("internal acid permeates casing, corrodes vehicle components, possible fire") rated Severity 7–8. Sizing/matching-calculation failures (undersized capacity, excess quiescent draw across electronic modules, insufficient cold-cranking current) dominate the mid-severity rows, AP up to 54. A specific mitigation for parasitic drain: the smart electric-fuse-box (智能电器盒, see below) is tasked with proactively cutting power to unused circuits during long-term vehicle storage.
Headlamp assembly (4121110X9D01 / 4121120X9D01, L/R) RPN up to 112 前照灯DFMEA
Supplier-authored FMEA (core team 马久河/杨建东/黄伟华/毛健, dated 2023-01-08) — the one file in the whole corpus using the classic pre-AIAG-VDA RPN=S×O×D format with full before/after mitigation values recorded. Photometric-distribution non-compliance (GB25991) starts at RPN90 (S9) — mitigated to RPN36 via reflector-opening/plating-thickness spec and LED-count/photometric simulation. Vibration-induced rattle reaches RPN112 pre-mitigation (loose mounting feet, broken lens screw bosses, broken DRL reflector mounts) — mitigated to RPN28 via wall-thickness/rib reinforcement and vibration testing. Focus-adjustment failure RPN84→28; connector/harness retention RPN72→32 (retention force spec 0.1–0.5mm play, pin misalignment <3°); water ingress and internal fogging both RPN56; heat-resistance (reflector deformation/discoloration) RPN56.
Smart cockpit system (infotainment/instrument cluster) RPN up to 60 智能座舱系统DFMEA
Power-supply modes mirror the BDCU/camera chain (wide-voltage input, reverse-polarity, sleep-current ≤3mA@24V — all RPN48). Display-specific: touchscreen/LCD resolution mismatch (RPN56), touch-controller reset lacking power-switch control (RPN56), touch zone geometry (RPN56), black-screen on power-cycle (RPN56), reversing-camera video noise from CVBS/inductor proximity (RPN36) and connector burnout on the 75Ω video-termination resistor (RPN56, undersized 0402 package), 270°-surround-view signal loss from ESD-unprotected differential bus (RPN54), Bluetooth/Wi-Fi 2.4GHz co-channel interference (RPN36, mitigation: ≥5cm antenna separation), amplifier overheating from insufficient heatsink area — the single highest RPN in this file at 60.
Electronic (camera) mirror system Severity 9 — field-of-view compliance 电子后视镜系统DFMEA
Three separate Severity-9/Class-A rows, all tied to GB15084 indirect-vision compliance: field of view obstructed by bodywork (RPN54, control: camera-angle checklist, obstruction <10%), camera modal frequency below spec — single-unit ≥45Hz / vehicle ≥40Hz required, verified via CAE + 0.5g optical vibration test 20–200Hz (RPN54), and camera pickup-angle range non-conformance (RPN54, same <10% obstruction check). Secondary modes: cold/hot start timing (cold ≤7s, hot ≤1s, total system latency ≤50ms) rated RPN36; video signal loss from coax/connector failure RPN48; CAN comms RPN24.
5G-T gateway (7925100X9D01) no numeric ratings in source — root-cause/mitigation format only 7925100X9D01 5G-T网关
Software/hardware co-design FMEA covering: TVS + DCDC (LMR16030PDDAR60, 60V-rated) over-voltage clamp at 41V; thermal design margin on the power chip (15W budget vs ~250mA×24V≈6W actual load); CANFD6 bus deliberately has no termination resistor per internal spec (all other segments use 120Ω); flash-storage A/B partition scheme to survive power-loss-during-write (auto-rollback to previous firmware); BUSOFF fast/slow recovery strategy; watchdog-feed placement rules to avoid masking infinite loops; boot-stage watchdog enabled from cold start; DDR parameter training under stress test. This file is structurally different from every other DFMEA in the corpus — cause→mitigation→test-method only, no S/O/D/RPN scoring at all.
Two further EE files exist — 智能电器盒-车身 (smart fuse/relay box, body domain) and 智能电器盒-底盘 (chassis domain), both AIAG-VDA format — but extraction hit ~230 rows of the standard severity/occurrence rating-scale reference tables before reaching the components' own failure-mode rows within the size this pull could pull back; a dedicated binary download + full-workbook parse (same technique used for the VCU/CSMS files) would recover them. 电子电器部
18cE-Drive / battery — key design thresholds
- Pack voltage target
- 761.6V (design target in DFMEA, vs. 766.36V nominal in the homologation filing)
- Pack weight ceiling
- ≤1,135 kg
- Cell nominal voltage floor
- ≥3.2V (1C)
- Cell thickness / weight ceiling
- <194.4mm / ≤4,200g
- Cycle-life target
- ≥40,000 fast-charge+1C cycles retaining ≥70% capacity
- Voltage-differential control
- Static ΔV ≤10mV, dynamic ΔV ≤300mV
18dChassis — full department detail
Frame assembly (2800100X9D01/06) 车架总成DFMEA
Cracking (S8, cause: material/structure selection — mitigation: CAE + analog design), deformation (S7), corrosion (S5, salt-spray tested), dimensional deviation (S5). All rated Low action-priority post-mitigation.
Steering system (whole-system overview, classic RPN methodology) 转向系统DFMEA
Highest items: hydraulic fitting-nut leak, RPN80 (loose lock nut — mitigation: define tightening torque); flammability/dazzle non-compliance, RPN40 but Severity 10 (safety-critical regardless of RPN); steering-wheel spline wear, RPN48, Severity 8 ("could endanger life"). Column reference doc dated 2022-11-18 — oldest FMEA in the archive, predates the AIAG-VDA Action-Priority format adopted for everything else.
EHPS pump (3406020X9D01) & steering column (3402020X9D01) 底盘部
Pump: 17 named failure causes for "motor fails to run," all tied to seal/thermal/controller-calibration issues, mitigated via IP67 testing and hot/cold/ambient reliability cycling. Column: two Severity-8 modes explicitly described as "vehicle wrecked, loss of life" — bearing seizure from misaligned installation, and spline-depth insufficient causing tooth-tip-to-tooth-tip slip under load; both mitigated to AP=M via dimensional/torque controls.
Suspension: X-control-arm, thrust rod, U-bolt, equalizer beam, front subframe, shock absorber, wheel-end 前悬架DFMEA
Common failure family across control-arm-type parts: ball-joint damage, hard-point/dimension error affecting kinematics (K&C), looseness, fracture, corrosion — all mitigated via CAE + bench/road validation, ratings capped at AP=L/M except front-subframe strength (S7, Class A, AP=H pre-mitigation — closed out 2023-05-15 via road-load fatigue analysis). Wheel-end carries the two highest-severity chassis items: hub-unit fracture and wheel-bolt fracture, both S=9/Class A/AP=H — bearing offset spec ≤5mm is the controlling dimension.
18eBody — component list
Driver & rear seat assembly (highest: structural connection S9/AP81) · door hidden handle & lock core · window regulator · physical mirror · rear seatbelt · front underrun-protection subsystem · all-vehicle glass (6 separate glass-position sheets) · sunroof shade. Standard form WR-QP-16-01 across all files; column schema: function/item/requirement/failure mode/effect/S/class/cause/prevention/O/detection/D/AP. 车身部
18fHVAC / thermal — component list
HVAC intake, blower, cooling, heating/mixing, and outlet modules (five sub-assemblies, ~140 rows) · electronic water pump (21 rows, reliability weak points: shaft/bearing wear RPN126, rotor crack RPN105, impeller deformation RPN105) · thermal management unit/chiller (71 rows — the richest single file, covering cooling/heating capacity, noise, leak-tightness, IP rating, flame-retardancy, and electrical-safety modes) · scroll AC compressor (only Severity-10 item in the corpus: electrical leakage/insulation failure) · front-end module radiator + condenser (highest RPN in the corpus: 120, cooling-tube structure) · metal fittings/connectors, nylon tubing, aluminium hard pipes, brackets (generic corrosion/strength/dimension modes, RPN 24–48 throughout) · AC refrigerant piping (supplier-authored FMEA from Hubei Mebtech). 整车集成部
Component register
Pulled from the master multi-model BOM (Google Sheet "INT: 2026 Windrose BOM list"), filtered to every row tagged WH13 across its 6 relevant tabs. 640 distinct component IDs matched — 125 carry the WH13 (X9D13) suffix in their own part number (i.e. genuinely WH13-specific engineering), the remaining 515 are shared parts (WH11/12/14 part numbers) used under a WH13-tagged assembly.
No confirmed single owner in the current roster — the Supply Chain lead named in earlier records has since departed and the role appears vacant; component data is maintained per-part across each engineering department
- Total matched components
- 640
- WH13-specific part numbers
- 125
- With supplier on file
- 106 of 125
19aSample of WH13-specific components (full 640-row register available as CSV on request)
INT: 2026 Windrose BOM list 苇…| Component ID | Part name | Supplier | Assembly | Dept. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2400100X9D13 | Integrated e-axle — mid axle | Shaanxi Hande Axle (Xi'an branch) | 2400 | Electrification |
| 2107101X9D13 | CCS2 charging cable assembly 1 | Anhui Puliang New Energy Technology | 2107 | Electrification |
| 3602110X9D13 | Front-view camera — MOIS | Shenzhen Ruiming Technology | 3602 | Intelligent driving |
| 6800100X9D13 | Driver seat assembly | Zhejiang Tiancheng Controls | 6800 | Body |
| 5206100X9D13 | Windscreen assembly | Jiangsu Tiemao Technology | 5206 | Body |
19 of the 125 WH13-specific parts have no supplier on file yet — mostly frame/chassis parts still in engineering-only stage (e.g. 2800001X9D13 frame assembly, 2801300X9D13 rear frame section, 2304010X9D13 steering knuckle).
Cockpit domain controller (CDCU) & infotainment
A single Yaxon smart-cockpit domain controller (智能座舱域控制器, CDCU) drives all three cabin screens and is the human-machine interface for every vehicle domain. It is a dual-SoC unit — one applications processor running Android, one safety microcontroller running an RTOS — not a pair of separate ECUs. It reaches the vehicle networks through the telematics gateway (T-GW), not by wiring directly onto the powertrain/chassis buses.
Section owner — 张琳, Electrical/Electronic Sr. ManagerVehicle Engineering
20aHardware — dual-SoC architecture
- Supplier / unit
- Xiamen Yaxon (厦门雅迅) — smart-cockpit domain controller (CDCU)
- Applications SoC (MPU)
- MediaTek MT8675 — runs Android; hosts the centre IVI, navigation, media, and the Apple CarPlay / Android Auto / CarLife projection stack
- Safety SoC (MCU)
- E3340 — runs an RTOS (FreeRTOS); renders the instrument cluster (IPC), handles CAN I/O, ADAS tell-tales and functional-safety-relevant display
- Cluster rendering
- IPC runs on LVGL (lightweight embedded graphics), on the MCU and independent of the Android MPU, so the cluster survives an MPU fault
- Vehicle interface
- CAN via the telematics gateway (T-GW); no direct connection to the powertrain/chassis buses
Confirmed verbatim in the cockpit software-architecture diagram: the domain controller is composed of two systems — an MPU (MT8675) plus an MCU (E3340) — with the IPC built on LVGL. This settles an earlier open question: the applications SoC is MediaTek, not the Rockchip part some vendor decks implied.
20bDisplays — three screens
| Screen | Role | Driven by | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| IVI (centre), 15.6" | Infotainment, navigation, phone projection, vehicle settings | MPU (Android) | 7912110X9D13 |
| IPC (cluster) | Speed, tell-tales, ADAS warnings, driving-time monitor | MCU (LVGL) | in dossier |
| CAR (aux) | Secondary / passenger display | MPU (Android) | in dossier |
20cFunctional specification (CDCU V1.9, WH13)
The CDCU functional spec (V1.9, 11 May 2026) defines every CAN signal, on-screen indication and chime the controller must present, grouped by vehicle domain:
- Body
- doors, lighting, wipers, windows, locking, HVAC status
- Chassis
- braking, EBS/VDC, steering, TPMS, parking
- ADAS / active safety
- LDW, BSIS, ISA, ADDW / DDAW, MOIS — the HMI layer that renders the §15 systems
- Powertrain
- drive mode, energy / charge, motor & battery status
- Infotainment
- media, phone projection (CarPlay / Android Auto / CarLife), settings
- Driving-time monitoring
- EU-mandated 4.5 h / 9 h continuous-driving and 45 min rest logic surfaced to the driver
CarPlay / Android Auto — certification unconfirmed. The 2026 cockpit architecture lists CarPlay, Android Auto and CarLife in its application layer, but the current Yaxon build is reported not to actually support Apple CarPlay / Android Auto in the field. Reconcile against the actual Apple MFi and Google (Android Auto) certificates before relying on either — a listed app is not a granted certificate. This gap is the driver for the Gen-3 cockpit decision below.
Gen-3 direction (under evaluation, not on WH13). The requirement for the next cockpit is deliberately minimal — Android with certified Apple CarPlay and Android Auto, on a Qualcomm SoC, prioritising speed and flexibility. Suppliers being weighed: Thundersoft (中科创达) for the fast / flexible tier, against AUMOVIO, Harman and Desay SV (德赛西威). Tracked in a separate supplier-decision record.